PRESSURE-STATE-RESPONSE MODEL FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ON A PROTECTED FOREST ECOSYSTEM

Abstract

The Molino de Flores Nezahualcóyotl National Park has a high ecological and cultural relevance in the periurban area of Texcoco, Mexico. The aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental pressures, the state of the ecosystem, and the effects of management activities through the use of the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model. The proposed hypothesis suggests that anthropogenic pressures negatively affect the health of the forest, while restoration efforts are designed to alleviate these impacts. The information was obtained by interviewing authorities, making field observations, and conducting perception surveys on visitors. The results identified intensive tourism, invasive exotic species, and forest fires as the main sources of pressure. The state of the ecosystem reflects a high resilience and a biological wealth of 540 registered species, with evidence of the recovery of native fauna and flora after management interventions. Institutional responses emphasize the implementation of mycorrhizal reforestation, fire management strategies, and environmental education initiatives. In conclusion, the PSR model is an effective tool for an integrated diagnosis. Although the system is resilient, it is imperative to strengthen funding and public awareness to ensure the sustainability of the area against urban pressure.